Configuration

This section is covering the Neomodel ‘config’ module and its variables.

Connection

There are two ways to define your connection to the database :

  1. Provide a Neo4j URL and some options - Driver will be managed by neomodel

  2. Create your own Neo4j driver and pass it to neomodel

neomodel-managed (default)

Set the connection URL:

config.DATABASE_URL = 'bolt://neo4j:neo4j@localhost:7687`

Adjust driver configuration - these options are only available for this connection method:

config.MAX_CONNECTION_POOL_SIZE = 100  # default
config.CONNECTION_ACQUISITION_TIMEOUT = 60.0  # default
config.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 30.0  # default
config.ENCRYPTED = False  # default
config.KEEP_ALIVE = True  # default
config.MAX_CONNECTION_LIFETIME = 3600  # default
config.MAX_CONNECTION_POOL_SIZE = 100  # default
config.MAX_TRANSACTION_RETRY_TIME = 30.0  # default
config.RESOLVER = None  # default
config.TRUST = neo4j.TRUST_SYSTEM_CA_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES  # default
config.USER_AGENT = neomodel/v5.4.0  # default

Setting the database name, if different from the default one:

# Using the URL only
config.DATABASE_URL = 'bolt://neo4j:neo4j@localhost:7687/mydb`

# Using config option
config.DATABASE_URL = 'bolt://neo4j:neo4j@localhost:7687`
config.DATABASE_NAME = 'mydb'

self-managed

Create a Neo4j driver:

from neo4j import GraphDatabase
my_driver = GraphDatabase().driver('bolt://localhost:7687', auth=('neo4j', 'password'))
config.DRIVER = my_driver

See the driver documentation <https://neo4j.com/docs/api/python-driver/current/api.html#graphdatabase> here.

This mode allows you to use all the available driver options that neomodel doesn’t implement, for example auth tokens for SSO. Note that you have to manage the driver’s lifecycle yourself.

However, everything else is still handled by neomodel : sessions, transactions, etc…

NB : Only the synchronous driver will work in this way. See the next section for the preferred method, and how to pass an async driver instance.

Change/Close the connection

Optionally, you can change the connection at any time by calling set_connection:

from neomodel import db
# Using URL - auto-managed
db.set_connection(url='bolt://neo4j:neo4j@localhost:7687')

# Using self-managed driver
db.set_connection(driver=my_driver)

The new connection url will be applied to the current thread or process.

Since Neo4j version 5, driver auto-close is deprecated. Make sure to close the connection anytime you want to replace it, as well as at the end of your application’s lifecycle by calling close_connection:

from neomodel import db
db.close_connection()

# If you then want a new connection
db.set_connection(url=url)

This will close the Neo4j driver, and clean up everything that neomodel creates for its internal workings.

Protect your credentials

You should avoid setting database access credentials in plain sight. Neo4J defines a number of environment variables that are used in its tools and these can be re-used for other applications too.

These are:

  • NEO4J_USERNAME

  • NEO4J_PASSWORD

  • NEO4J_BOLT_URL

By setting these with (for example):

$ export NEO4J_USERNAME=neo4j
$ export NEO4J_PASSWORD=neo4j
$ export NEO4J_BOLT_URL="bolt://$NEO4J_USERNAME:$NEO4J_PASSWORD@localhost:7687"

They can be accessed from a Python script via the environ dict of module os and be used to set the connection with something like:

import os
from neomodel import config

config.DATABASE_URL = os.environ["NEO4J_BOLT_URL"]

Enable automatic index and constraint creation

Neomodel provides the neomodel_install_labels script for this task, however if you want to handle this manually see below.

Install indexes and constraints for a single class:

from neomodel import install_labels
install_labels(YourClass)

Or for an entire ‘schema’

import yourapp  # make sure your app is loaded
from neomodel import install_all_labels

install_all_labels()
# Output:
# Setting up labels and constraints...
# Found yourapp.models.User
# + Creating unique constraint for name on label User for class yourapp.models.User
# ...

Note

config.AUTO_INSTALL_LABELS has been removed from neomodel in version 5.3

Require timezones on DateTimeProperty

Ensure all DateTimes are provided with a timezone before being serialised to UTC epoch:

config.FORCE_TIMEZONE = True  # default False